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Resumen: Objetivo: Definir la prevalencia y factores asociados de lesión renal aguda en el embarazo en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital de la Mujer, Morelia, Michoacán, México. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo de enero de 2013 a agosto de 2018. Pacientes: 213 expedientes de pacientes obstétricas complicadas. Criterios de inclusión: pacientes obstétricas complicadas que ingresaron a la UCI, pacientes que cumplieron criterios para lesión renal aguda. Criterios de exclusión: pacientes con lesión renal crónica, expediente clínico no disponible. Sólo 154 cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Resultados: Se incluyeron 154 pacientes obstétricas complicadas; un promedio de 25.6p ± 1.6 por año. Treinta y seis por ciento tuvo diagnóstico de eclampsia; 35.3% preeclampsia; 29.3% síndrome de HELLP; 19.3% hemorragia obstétrica, 10% sepsis. Se demostró asociación de PR-AKI con síndrome de HELLP (p = 0.0003) y preeclampsia (p = 0.01). Se encontró un subdiagnóstico de 36.7% al buscar PR-AKI utilizando los criterios RIFLE y AKI (p = 0.000007). De las pacientes con PR-AKI grado 3, sólo 20% requirió terapia de reemplazo renal continua. Conclusiones: La lesión renal asociada al embarazo complicado tiene una prevalencia de 6.7%. Las complicaciones asociadas a PR-AKI son síndrome de HELLP y preeclampsia. La PR-AKI está subdiagnosticada hasta en 36.7%.
Abstract: Objective: To define the prevalence and associated factors of acute renal injury in pregnancy (PR-AKI) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Women's Hospital, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico. Material and methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study from January 2013-August 2018. Ambit: Intensive Care Unit of the Women's Hospital. Patients: We reviewed 213 files of complicated obstetric patients. Inclusion criteria: complicated obstetric patients that merit admission to the ICU, patients who met criteria for LRA. Exclusion criteria: patients with chronic. Main variables of interest: Complicated obstetric patients (preeclampsia, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, hemorrhagic shock and sepsis). It was investigated if they developed PR-AKI. Results: 154 complicated obstetric patients were included; an average of 25.6p ± 1.6 per year. 36% had a diagnosis of eclampsia; 35.3% pre-eclampsia; 29.3% HELLP syndrome; 19.3% obstetric hemorrhage, 10% sepsis. Association of PR-AKI with HELLP syndrome (p = 0.0003) and pre-eclampsia (p = 0.01) was demonstrated. A subdiagnosis of 36.7% was found when searching for PR-AKI using the RIFLE and AKI criteria (p = 0.000007). Of the patients with PR-AKI grade 3, 20% required continuous renal replacement therapy. Conclusions: Renal injury associated with complicated pregnancy has a prevalence of 6.7%. The complications that most develop PR-AKI are HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia. PR-AKI is underdiagnosed.
Resumo: Objetivo: Definir a prevalência e os fatores associados à Lesão Renal Aguda na gravidez na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital de la Mujer, Morelia, Michoacán, México. Material e métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, transversal e descritivo de janeiro de 2013 a agosto de 2018. Pacientes: 213 prontuários obstétricos complicados. Critérios de inclusão: pacientes obstétricas complicadas admitidas na UTI, pacientes que preencheram os critérios para Lesão Renal Aguda. Critérios de exclusão: pacientes com Lesão Renal Crônica, ficha clínica não disponível. Apenas 154 atenderam aos critérios de seleção. Resultados: 154 pacientes obstétricas complicadas foram incluídas; uma média de 25.6p ± 1.6 por ano. 36% tiveram diagnóstico de eclâmpsia; 35.3% pré-eclâmpsia; 29.3% síndrome HELLP; 19.3% hemorragia obstétrica, 10% sepse. Foi demonstrada uma associação de PR-AKI com síndrome HELLP (p = 0.0003) e pré-eclâmpsia (p = 0.01). Foi encontrado subdiagnóstico de 36.7% na busca de PR-AKI pelos critérios RIFLE e AKI (p = 0.000007). Dos pacientes com PR-AKI grau 3, 20% necessitaram de terapia de reposição renal contínua. Conclusões: Lesões renais associadas à gravidez complicada apresentam prevalência de 6.7%. As complicações associadas à PR-AKI são a síndrome HELLP e a pré-eclâmpsia. PR-AKI é subdiagnosticado em até 36.7%.
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Introducción La cirugía bariátrica mediante la técnica del cruce duodenal está considerada como uno de los tratamientos más efectivos para conseguir la pérdida de peso y la disminución de comorbilidades en pacientes obesos mórbidos. Derivada de su práctica se pueden producir deficiencias nutricionales que debemos conocer y tratar. Objetivos Valoración de la pérdida de peso y del desarrollo de síndromes carenciales en pacientes obesos mórbidos sometidos a cirugía bariátrica mediante la técnica del cruce duodenal. Material y métodos Se ha estudiado la evolución de 128 pacientes obesos mórbidos sometidos a cirugía bariátrica mediante la técnica del cruce duodenal en el Hospital General Universitario de Albacete. Se realizaron controles ponderales y de las deficiencias nutricionales más relevantes surgidas tras la intervención. Resultados El peso corporal desciende de manera acusada desde un índice de masa corporal (IMC) promedio de 52,9±7,7kg/m2 (40,7-78,5) hasta un IMC de 30,8±5,2kg/m2, con un porcentaje de exceso de peso perdido (%EPP) de 81,4±16,4% a los 18 meses tras la intervención. La pérdida de peso se ralentiza en el seguimiento posterior, llegando a su valor más bajo a los 30 meses postintervención (%EPP del 82,1±16,8; IMC de 30,2±4,3kg/m2) y tiende a estabilizarse en los pacientes con seguimiento más prolongado. Las deficiencias nutricionales más significativas que requirieron tratamiento sustitutivo se detectaron en algunos micronutrientes como el hierro (42,9%), zinc (38,3%) y vitaminas liposolubles A (55,5%) y D (57,8%), entre otros. Conclusiones El tratamiento de la obesidad mórbida mediante cruce duodenal es una técnica muy efectiva para conseguir una importante pérdida de peso de forma mantenida. La elevada presencia de déficits nutricionales durante el seguimiento obliga a realizar revisiones periódicas de forma indefinida (AU)
Introduction: Bariatric surgery using the technique of duodenal switch is considered as one of the most effective treatments to lose weight and decrease comorbidity in morbidly obese patients. However, we have to be familiar with and adequately manage the various nutritional deficiencies that may occur as a consequence of its practice.Objectives: To assess weight loss and development of nutritional deficiencies in morbidly obesepatients undergoing bariatric surgery through the duodenal switch procedure. Material and methods: One hundred and twenty-eight morbidly obese patients underwent aduodenal switch procedure at Hospital General Universitario in Albacete. Weight changes and the most important nutritional deficiencies occurring after surgery were recorded. Results: Median follow-up time was 30 months (interquartile range, 18 months). Body weightmarkedly decreased, with mean body mass index (BMI) decreasing from a preoperative value of 52.9±7.7 kg/m2 to 30.8±5.2 kg/m2 18 months after surgery. The percentage of excess weight lost (% EWL) was 81.4±16.4% in this period. Weight loss slowed down subsequently, reaching its lowest value 30 months after surgery (% EWL 82.1%±16.8, BMI 30.2±4.3 kg/m2) and tended tostabilize in patients with longer follow-up times. Significant nutritional deficiencies requiring replacement therapy were detected in some micronutrients with iron (42.9%), zinc (38.3%),vitamin A (55.5%), and vitamin D (57.8%) deficiencies being most relevant.Conclusions: Duodenal switch is a very effective surgical procedure for treating morbidly obesepatients because it allows for achieving a significant and sustained weight loss.Close lifetimemonitoring is required in these patients because of the high prevalence of nutritional deficiencies during follow-up (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Deficiências Nutricionais/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Distúrbios Nutricionais/epidemiologia , Redução de Peso , Índice de Massa CorporalRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Bariatric surgery using the technique of duodenal switch is considered as one of the most effective treatments to lose weight and decrease comorbidity in morbidly obese patients. However, we have to be familiar with and adequately manage the various nutritional deficiencies that may occur as a consequence of its practice. OBJECTIVES: To assess weight loss and development of nutritional deficiencies in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery through the duodenal switch procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty-eight morbidly obese patients underwent a duodenal switch procedure at Hospital General Universitario in Albacete. Weight changes and the most important nutritional deficiencies occurring after surgery were recorded. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 30 months (interquartile range, 18 months). Body weight markedly decreased, with mean body mass index (BMI) decreasing from a preoperative value of 52.9±7.7kg/m(2) to 30.8±5.2kg/m(2) 18 months after surgery. The percentage of excess weight lost (% EWL) was 81.4±16.4% in this period. Weight loss slowed down subsequently, reaching its lowest value 30 months after surgery (% EWL 82.1%±16.8, BMI 30.2±4.3kg/m(2)) and tended to stabilize in patients with longer follow-up times. Significant nutritional deficiencies requiring replacement therapy were detected in some micronutrients with iron (42.9%), zinc (38.3%), vitamin A (55.5%), and vitamin D (57.8%) deficiencies being most relevant. CONCLUSIONS: Duodenal switch is a very effective surgical procedure for treating morbidly obese patients because it allows for achieving a significant and sustained weight loss.Close lifetime monitoring is required in these patients because of the high prevalence of nutritional deficiencies during follow-up.
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Cirurgia Bariátrica/efeitos adversos , Cirurgia Bariátrica/métodos , Duodeno/cirurgia , Desnutrição/etiologia , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Redução de Peso , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Presurgical evaluation of patients undergoing bariatric surgery includes, among others, a psychological/psychiatric evaluation. Psychiatric disorders that did not contraindicate surgery may persist and influence on weight loss and postoperative clinical course, hindering the success of the procedure. The aim of our study was to analyze the postoperative evolution of our series of patients with and without psychiatric symptoms before surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 109 patients undergoing bariatric surgery with duodenal switch from 2003 to 2008 (follow up > 6 months). We studied weight changes, immediate and delayed complications of surgery and nutritional deficiencies in post-surgical follow-up in patients with previous psychiatric disorders (group 1, n = 17) compared with patients without psychiatric disorders (group 2, n = 92). RESULTS: Patients in group 1 showed a greater tendency for weight gain. They regained a 9.4% of the initial excess weight lost between 18 months after surgery and 36 months after surgery, while patients in group 2 regained only 0.2% in the same period (p < 0.05). There was no difference in immediate surgical complications (5/17 vs 25/92 patients). The mean incidence of late surgical complications was 0.71 per patient in group 1 and 0.22 complications per patient in group 2 (p = 0.02). 52.9% of patients in group 1 had at least one late complication compared to 19.6% of patients in group 2 (p = 0.003). The three most common complications in patients with previous psychiatric disorders were chronic diarrhea, vomits and malnutrition. The presence of nutritional deficiencies were common in both groups, mainly soluble vitamins, iron and zinc. During postoperative follow-up, we found 3.1 +/- 1.6 nutritional deficiencies per patient in group 1 and 2.5 +/- 1.7 in group 2 (p = 0.04). More than three nutritional deficiencies were found in 8 patients in group 1 (52.9%) compared to 23 patients in group 2 (25%) (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of previous psychiatric disorders may be a predictor of a less positive outcome in morbidly obese patients who undergo bariatric surgery.
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Cirurgia Bariátrica , Transtornos Mentais/complicações , Obesidade Mórbida/complicações , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Introducción: La valoración preoperatoria de los pacientes candidatos a cirugía bariátrica incluye, entre otras, una evaluación psicológica/psiquiátrica. La persistencia tras la cirugía de problemas psicológicos que no constituyeron una contraindicación quirúrgica puede influir en la pérdida de peso y la evolución clínica postoperatoria y comprometer el éxito del procedimiento. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es analizar la evolución postoperatoria de nuestra serie de pacientes con y sin manifestaciones psiquiátricas previas a la cirugía. Pacientes y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de 109 pacientes operados de cirugía bariátrica mediante cruce duodenal desde 2003 a 2008 (seguimiento mínimo, 6 meses). Estudiamos la evolución del peso, las complicaciones inmediatas y tardías de la cirugía y las deficiencias nutricionales en el seguimiento posquirúrgico de los pacientes con enfermedades psiquiátricas previas (grupo 1, n = 17) y las comparamos con las de los pacientes sin ellas (grupo 2, n = 92). Resultados: Los pacientes del grupo 1 mostraron mayor tendencia a la recuperación de peso. Entre los meses 18 y 36 tras la cirugía, recuperaron un promedio del 9,4% del exceso de peso perdido, mientras que los pacientes del grupo 2 recuperaron un 0,2% (p < 0,05). No hubo diferencias en las complicaciones quirúrgicas inmediatas (5/17 frente a 25/92 pacientes). La media de complicaciones quirúrgicas tardías fue de 0,71 complicaciones/ paciente entre los pacientes del grupo 1 y 0,22 complicaciones/paciente en el grupo 2 (p = 0,02). El 52,9% de los pacientes del grupo 1 tuvo al menos una complicación tardía, frente a un 19,6% de los pacientes del grupo 2 (p = 0,003). Las tres complicaciones más frecuentes en los pacientes con enfermedad psiquiátrica previa fueron la diarrea crónica, los vómitos y la desnutrición. Los déficit nutricionales fueron frecuentes en ambos grupos, principalmente déficit de vitaminas liposolubles, hierro y cinc. En el (..) (AU)
Introduction: Presurgical evaluation of patients undergoing bariatric surgery includes, among others, a psychological/psychiatric evaluation. Psychiatric disorders that did not contraindicate surgery may persist and influence on weight loss and postoperative clinical course, hindering the success of the procedure. The aim of our study was to analyze the postoperative evolution of our series of patients with and without psychiatric symptoms before surgery. Patients and methods: Retrospective analysis of 109 patients undergoing bariatric surgery with duodenal switch from 2003 to 2008 (follow up > 6 months). We studied weight changes, immediate and delayed complications of surgery and nutritional deficiencies in post-surgical follow-up in patients with previous psychiatric disorders (group 1, n = 17) compared with patients without psychiatric disorders (group 2, n = 92). Results: Patients in group 1 showed a greater tendency for weight gain. They regained a 9,4% of the initial excess weight lost between 18 months after surgery and 36 months after surgery, while patients in group 2 regained only 0.2% in the same period (p < 0.05). There was no difference in immediate surgical complications (5/17 vs 25/92 patients). The mean incidence of late surgical complications was 0.71 per patient in group 1 and 0.22 complications per patient in group 2 (p = 0.02). 52.9% of patients in group 1 had at least one late complication compared to 19,6% of patients in group 2 (p = 0.003). The three most common complications in patients with previous psychiatric disorders were chronic diarrhea, vomits and malnutrition. The presence of nutritional deficiencies were common in both groups, mainly soluble vitamins, iron and zinc. During postoperative follow-up, we found (..) (AU)
